What is a potential complication of diverticulitis?

Intestinal obstruction is a potential complication of diverticulitis due to the inflammation and infection associated with the diverticula, which are small pouches that can form in the walls of the colon. When diverticulitis occurs, the inflamed or infected tissue can lead to swelling and scarring. This may result in a narrowing of the intestinal lumen or even a complete blockage, making it difficult for intestinal contents to pass through.

As the condition progresses, it can lead to the development of strictures (narrowed areas) that can obstruct the passage of stool, fluids, and gas. Symptoms of intestinal obstruction include abdominal pain, bloating, vomiting, and the inability to pass stool or gas. This complication often requires prompt medical intervention, which may include hospitalization and surgery, particularly if there is a risk of perforation or significant infection.

Other options listed do not directly relate to diverticulitis. For instance, esophageal varices are primarily associated with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension, cholecystitis pertains to inflammation of the gallbladder, and pneumonia is a lung infection not linked to gastrointestinal conditions like diverticulitis. Understanding these distinctions highlights why intestinal obstruction is the correct answer as a potential complication of diverticulitis.