When is RhoGAM indicated for Rh-negative mothers?

RhoGAM is indicated for Rh-negative mothers primarily to prevent Rh immunization, which can occur when an Rh-negative mother carries an Rh-positive fetus. The classic protocol involves administering RhoGAM at 28 weeks of gestation, as well as within 72 hours postpartum if the baby is found to be Rh-positive. This timing is crucial because administering RhoGAM at 28 weeks helps to prevent sensitization during the third trimester, when maternal-fetal blood mixing is more likely to occur. The postpartum dose ensures that any Rh-positive fetal blood cells that might have entered the maternal circulation during delivery are neutralized, further preventing immunization.

This approach effectively reduces the risk of hemolytic disease of the newborn in subsequent pregnancies. While RhoGAM can also be administered after a miscarriage or at the time of any potential blood mixing events throughout the pregnancy, the specific recommendation for routine administration is at 28 weeks and within 72 hours postpartum.