Which of the following is indicated as a treatment for hypervolemic hypotonic hyponatremia?

The treatment for hypervolemic hypotonic hyponatremia often involves the use of loop diuretics. This condition is characterized by an excess of total body water relative to sodium, which dilutes the serum sodium levels. In hypervolemic states, such as heart failure, liver cirrhosis, or nephrotic syndrome, the body retains too much fluid, leading to dilutional hyponatremia.

Loop diuretics help to remove this excess fluid by promoting diuresis. They act on the ascending loop of Henle in the nephron, inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride, which subsequently leads to increased water excretion. This effectively reduces total body water and helps restore the sodium concentration in the serum to a more normal level.

The other treatment options do not address the underlying issue effectively. Oral rehydration would exacerbate the problem by adding more fluid to the already voluminous state. Potassium-sparing diuretics, while useful for other types of edema, do not have the same potent effects on sodium and fluid removal as loop diuretics. Vasopressin agonists would serve to retain water rather than remove it, which is counterproductive in the hypervolem